船舶消防-应急消防泵的检查指南（船用应急消防泵操作步骤）

Objective 目的

To ensure that crewmembers can respond effectively to a fire situation in accordance with the shipboard emergency plan.

确保船员能根据船上应急计划有效应对失火情况。

Industry Guidance 行业指南

IMO: MSC.1/Circ.1432 Revised guidelines for the maintenance and inspection of fire protection systems and appliances. MSC.1/Circ.1432 经修订的消防设备维护检查指南

2 Operational readiness 操作准备

All fire protection systems and appliances should at all times be in good order and readily available for immediate use while the ship is in service. If a fire protection system is undergoing maintenance, testing or repair, then suitable arrangements should be made to ensure safety is not diminished through the provision of alternate fixed or portable fire protection equipment or other measures. The onboard maintenance plan should include provisions for this purpose.船舶在营运期间，所有消防系统和设备应始终处于良好状态，并随时随时可用。如消防系统正在维 修、测试或维修，则应作出适当的安排，以确保安全不会因提供备用的固定或便携式消防设备或其 他措施而减少。船上的维修计划应包括这方面的规定。

3 Maintenance and testing 保养及测试

3.1 Onboard maintenance and inspections should be carried out in accordance with the ship's maintenance plan, which should include the minimum elements listed in sections 4 to 10 of these Guidelines.船上的维护和检查应按照船舶的维护计划进行，该计划应包括本规则 4 至 10 节中列出的最低要素。

3.2 Certain maintenance procedures and inspections may be performed by competent crew members who have completed an advanced fire-fighting training course, while others should be performed by persons specially trained in the maintenance of such systems. The onboard maintenance plan should indicate which parts of the recommended inspections and maintenance are to be completed by trained personnel. 某些维修程序和检查可由已完成高级消防培训课程的有能力的船员实施，而其他程序和检查则应由 在此类系统的维修方面受过专门培训的人员执行。船上的维修计划应该指出建议的检查和维修的哪 些部分是由受过培训的人员完成的。

3.3 Inspections should be carried out by the crew to ensure that the indicated weekly, monthly, quarterly, annual, two- year, five-year and ten-year actions are taken for the specified equipment, if provided. Records of the inspections should be carried on board the ship or may be computerbased. In cases where the inspections and maintenance are carried out by trained service technicians other than the ship's crew, inspection reports should be provided at the completion of the testing. 检查应由船员进行，以确保对指定设备采取指定的周、月、季度、年度、两年、五年和十年行动(如 提供)。检查记录应在船上实施，也可以是计算机记录。如果检查和维修是由除船员以外的受过培训 的服务技术人员进行，则应在测试完成时提供检查报告。

3.4 In addition to the onboard maintenance and inspections stated in these Guidelines, manufacturer's maintenance and inspection guidelines should be followed. 除了本指南中规定的船上维护和检查外，还应遵循制造商的维护和检查指南。

3.5 Where particular arrangements create practical difficulties, alternative testing and maintenance procedures should be to the satisfaction of the Administration. 在某些安排造成实际困难的情况下，替代的测试和维修程序应使主管当局满意。

(These guidelines set out requirements applicable to emergency fire pumps for: 这些准则规定了适用于下列情况的紧急消防泵的要求:

· Monthly tests and inspections 月度测试和检查

· Annual tests and inspections) 年度测试和检查

TMSA 4A.1.4 requires that procedures are in place to record the testing of critical equipment and systems that are not in continuous use. Testing is performed in accordance with mandatory requirements and manufacturers’ recommendations. 要求有程序保证对非连续使用的关键设备和系统的测试情况进行记录。

10.3 The company should identify equipment and technical systems the sudden operational failure of which may result in hazardous situations. The SMS should provide for specific measures aimed at promoting the reliability of such equipment or systems. These measures should include the regular testing of standby arrangements and equipment or technical systems that are not in continuous use. 公司应当标识那些会因突发性运行故障而导致险情的设备和技术系统。安全管理体系应当提供旨在 提高这些设备可靠性的具体措施。这些措施应当包括对备有装置或及或非连续使用的技术系统的定 期测试。

Chapter II-2 Regulation 4 第 II-4 章第 4 条

2.2.3.4 Oil fuel pipes, which if damaged would allow oil to escape from a storage, settling or daily service tank having a capacity of 500 litres and above situated above the double bottom, shall be fitted with a cock or valve directly on the tank capable of being closed from a safe position outside the space concerned in the event of a fire occurring in the space in which such the tanks are situated. 对于如有损坏会使燃油从设在双层底以上的容积 500 l 及以上的储存柜、沉淀柜或日用柜溢出的燃 油管，应为其在油柜上直接装设一个旋塞或阀门，该旋塞或阀门应能在此种油柜所在处所失火时从 有关处所外的安全位置予以关闭。

Chapter II/2 Regulation 10 第 II/2 章第 10 条

2.2.3.2.1 Location of the space 处所的位置 The space containing the fire pump shall not be contiguous to the boundaries of machinery spaces of category A or those spaces containing main fire pumps. Where this is not practicable, the common bulkhead between the two spaces shall be insulated to a standard of structural fire protection equivalent to that required for a control station. 应急消防泵所在处所不得与 A 类机器处所或内设主消防泵处所的限界面相邻接。如果此种布置不可 行，两个处所间共用的舱壁应隔热至相当于对控制站所要求的结构防火标准。

2.2.3.2.2 Access to the emergency fire pump

通往应急消防泵的通道

No direct access shall be permitted between the machinery space and the space containing the emergency fire pump and its source of power. When this is impracticable, the Administration may accept an arrangement where the access is by means of an airlock with the door of the machinery space being of "A-60" class standard and the other door being at least steel, both reasonably gastight, self-closing and without any hold-back arrangements. Alternatively, the access may be through a watertight door capable of being operated from a space remote from the machinery space and the space containing the emergency fire pump and unlikely to be cut off in the event of fire in those spaces. In such cases, a second means of access to the space containing the emergency fire pump and its source of power shall be provided. 机器处所与应急消防泵及其动力源所在处所之间，不允许有直接通道。当此种布置不可行时，主管 机关可以接受这样一种布置，即通道有一个气锁设施，其内机器处所的门达到“A-60”级标准，另 一门至少为钢质，2 个门均适度气密、自闭且不设门背钩。作为替代，可利用能从远离机器处所和应 急消防泵所在处所的位置操作并在这些处所失火时不会被阻断的水密门作为通道。在此种情况下， 应急消防泵及其动力源所在处所应设有第 2 个通道。

Chapter 12 – Fixed emergency fire pumps

第 12 章-固定式应急消防泵

2.2.1.2 Pressure at hydrants

2.2.1.2 消防栓的压力

When the pump is delivering the quantity of water required by paragraph 2.2.1.1, the pressure at any hydrants shall be not less than the minimum pressure required by chapter II-2 of the Convention. 当应急消防泵按 2.2.1.1 条要求的水量排出时，在任何消防栓处的压力应不小于公约第 II-2 章所规 定的最低压力。

2.2.1.3 Suction heads 吸入压头

The total suction head and the net positive suction head of the pump shall be determined having due regard to the requirements of the Convention and this chapter on the pump capacity and on the hydrant pressure under all conditions of list, trim, roll and pitch likely to be encountered in service… 泵的总吸如压头和正净吸入压头应在考虑到公约和本章关于在船舶营运中可能遇到的所有横倾、纵 倾、横摇和纵摇条件下对泵的排量和消防栓的压力的要求来确定…

2.2.2.1 Starting of diesel engine 柴油机的起动

Any diesel-driven power source for the pump shall be capable of being readily started in its cold condition down to the temperature of 0°C by hand (manual) cranking. Where ready starting cannot be assured, if this is impracticable, or if lower temperatures are likely to be encountered, and if the room for the diesel driven power source is not heated, electric heating of the diesel engine cooling water or lubricating oil system shall be fitted, to the satisfaction of the Administration. If hand (manual) starting is impracticable, the Administration may permit compressed air, electricity, or other sources of stored energy, including hydraulic power or starting cartridges to be used as a means of starting. These means shall be such as to enable the diesel-driven power source to be started at least six times within a period of 30 min. and at least twice within the first 10 min. 作为应急消防泵驱动力的柴油机，应在温度降至 0℃时的冷态下能用人工手摇曲柄随时起动。倘不 能做到，或可能遇到更低温时，则应设置经主管机关认可的加热装置，以确保随时起动。倘若人工 起动不可行，主管机关可允许采用其他起动装置。这些起动装置，应能在 30min 内至少使柴油机驱 动的动力源起动 1 次，并在前 10min 内至少起动 2 次。

2.2.2.2 Fuel Tank capacity 燃油柜的容量

Any service fuel tank shall contain sufficient fuel to enable the pump to run on full load for a least 3 h and sufficient reserves of fuel shall be available outside the machinery space of category A to enable the pump to be run on full load for an additional 15 h. 日用燃油柜所盛装的燃油，应能使该泵在全负荷下至少运行 3h，(此外，在 2 类机器处所以外可供 使用的储备燃油，应能使该泵在全负荷下再运行 15h。)

Inspection Guidance 检查指南

The vessel operator should have developed procedures for the starting and testing of the emergency fire pump. 船公司应编制应急消防泵的启动和测试程序。

The vessel operator should have developed procedures to ensure access to the emergency fire pump space remains possible in all circumstances. 船公司应编制确保在任何情况下都能进入应急消防泵间程序。

Ship-specific starting instructions for the emergency fire pump in the working language of the ship should be prominently displayed adjacent to the equipment. These instructions are not for the use of the qualified engineering personnel, but for others who might be required to start the emergency fire pump in an emergency. 应急消防泵启动说明应在设备附近显著位置用船舶工作语言显示。这些说明不是仅给有资格的轮机 员员使用，而是给其他可能需要在紧急情况下启动应急消防泵的人员使用的。

If necessary, thd with fuel designed for use in sub-zero temperatures. 如有必要，应急消防泵油箱应加入专为在零度以下温度下使用而设计的燃料。

The position and identification of the closing devices for the emergency fire pump fuel supply must be clearly marked.应急消防泵燃料供应的关闭装置的位置和标识必须清楚地标明。

Suggested Inspector Actions 检查官的行动建议

Sight, and where necessary review, the company procedures for the operation and testing of the emergency fire pump. 查看并在必要时审查公司的应急消防泵的操作和测试程序。

Review the ship-specific starting instructions posted adjacent to the emergency fire pump. 查看贴在应急消防泵旁边的船舶特定的启动说明。

Where the emergency fire pump location is accessed through the machinery space verify that: 如果通过机器处所进入应急消防泵位置，请确认:

The airlock doors between the machinery space and the space containing the emergency fire pump were closed with no indication that the doors had been held in the open position. 机舱和应急消防泵间的气闸门关闭，没有迹象表明门保持在打开的位置。

The second means of access from the deck was not locked or secured to prevent access from the outside. 从甲板进入的第二个通道没有上锁或固定，以防止从外面进入。

Verify that the inlet and outlet valves to the emergency fire pump were clearly marked and open. 确认应急消防泵的进口和出口阀门已明确标识并打开。

Provided it is safe to do so, witness the starting of the emergency fire pump and verify that the pump reaches and maintains the required pressure while discharging through the anchor washes or other outlet. 如果确认安全可行，则见证应急消防泵的启动，并验证该泵在通过锚链水或其他出口排放时达到 并保持所需的压力。

Where the emergency fire pump was driven by a diesel engine: 应急消防泵由柴油机驱动:

Sight the level in the emergency fire pump fuel tank. 查看应急消防泵油箱液位。

Where the vessel was operating in sub-zero temperatures verify that the fuel in the tank was designed for use in sub-zero temperatures. 当船只在零下温度下运行时，确认油箱中的燃料是设计用于零下温度下使用。

Witness a test of the quick closing valve for the emergency fire pump engine where permitted. 如允许，见证应急消防泵发动机速闭阀的测试。

If necessary, review maintenance records to verify that testing of the emergency fire pump and quick closing valve had taken place in accordance with the maintenance plan. 必要时，检查维修记录，确认应急消防泵和速闭阀已按照维修计划进行了测试。

Where it was not possible to start the emergency fire pump, interview an officer or rating to verify their familiarity with the manual starting of the emergency fire pump and its diesel engine. 如无法启动应急消防泵，请与高级船员或船员沟通，以核实他们是否熟悉手动启动应急消防泵 及其柴油发动机的操作。

Expected Evidence 需要的证据

The company procedures for the operation and testing of the emergency fire pump. 本公司应急消防泵的运行和测试程序。

The ship-specific procedure for starting the emergency fire pump. 船舶启动应急消防泵的具体程序。

Onboard records for the testing of the emergency fire pump and, where driven by a diesel engine, the engine and the fuel quick closing valve. 应急消防泵和由柴油机驱动的应急消防泵、发动机和燃料速闭阀的船上测试记录。

Potential Grounds for a Negative Observation 负面观察项的潜在证据

There was no company procedure for starting and testing the emergency fire pump. 公司没有应急消防泵的启动和测试程序。

Where the access to the emergency fire pump space was through the machinery space: 通过机器处所进入应急消防泵空间的位置:

One or both air-lock doors were either open or there was evidence that they had been held open. 其中一扇或两扇自闭门要么是开着的，要么有证据表明它们一直开着。

The second access door was locked or secured to prevent access to the space from the outer decks in the event of a fire in the machinery space. 第二通道门被锁上或固定，以防止在机舱内发生失火时从外部 甲板进入该空间。

There were no ship-specific starting instructions posted adjacent to the emergency fire pump. 应急消防泵旁边没有张贴船舶特定的启动说明。

The emergency fire pump sea suction or discharge valves were closed when the pump was designed for remote operation. 当应急消防泵设计为远程操作时，海水吸口或排出阀已被关闭。

The posted starting instructions were unclear or inadequate. 张贴的启动说明不清楚或不充分。

Officers and/or ratings were not familiar with the ship-specific starting instructions for the emergency fire pump. 高级船员和/或普通船员不熟悉船舶应急消防泵的专用启动说明。

The emergency fire pump diesel engine would not start within three attempts by either the primary or manual means. 应急消防泵柴油发动机三次尝试启动不成功，无论是直接启动还是手动方式。

The emergency fire pump would not gain suction or generate the required pressure and/or flow without manual intervention beyond that described in the starting instructions. 如果不进行超出启动说明所述范围的人工干预，应急消防泵将无法获得吸力或产生所需的压力和 /或流量。

The emergency fire pump or, where fitted, its diesel engine was defective in any respect. 应急消防泵或其柴油发动机(如安装)在任何方面发现缺陷。

Engineer officers were not familiar with the operating and testing procedures for the emergency fire pump, its engine or the fuel quick closing valve. 轮机员不熟悉应急消防泵、发动机或燃油速闭阀的操作和测试程序。

There was not enough fuel in the tank to run for 3 hours or the required level had not been established. 油箱里没有足够的燃料运行 3 个小时，或者还没有达到所需的液位。

There was not enough fuel available both in the tank and outside the space to run the emergency fire pump at full load for at least 18 hours (3 + 15 h) 油柜内和空间外都没有足够的可用燃料，使应急消防泵满载运行至少 18 小时(3 + 15 小时)

The vessel was or had been trading in sub-zero temperatures but the fuel in the tank was not designed for use in sub-zero temperatures. 该船去过或过去一直在零度以下的温度下营运，但油箱里的燃料并非设计用于零度以下的温度。

The fuel quick closing valve, where required to be fitted, was not located outside the space or did not operate correctly. 在需要安装燃油速闭阀的地方，没有置于空间之外操作或操作不正确。

Records of maintenance and/or testing were not available or incomplete. 维护和/或测试记录不可用或不完整。

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